PostgreSQL是一款功能強(qiáng)大的開(kāi)源關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),本文使用python實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)開(kāi)源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)PostgreSQL的常用操作,其開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)介如下:
一、環(huán)境信息:
?? 1、操作系統(tǒng):
??????? RedHat Enterprise Linux 4
??????? Windows XP SP2
? 2、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):
??????? PostgreSQL8.3
? 3、 開(kāi)發(fā)工具:
??????? Eclipse+Pydev+python2.6+PyGreSQL(提供pg模塊)
? 4、說(shuō)明:
??????? a、PostgreSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)運(yùn)行于RedHat Linux上,Windows下也要安裝pgAdmin(訪問(wèn)PostgreSQL服務(wù)器的客戶(hù)端)。
??????? b、PyGreSQL(即pg)模塊下載路徑及API手冊(cè):http://www.pygresql.org/
?PyGreSQL模塊點(diǎn)此本站下載
二、配置:
?????? 1、將pgAdmin安裝路徑下以下子目錄添加到系統(tǒng)環(huán)境變量中:
???????????? E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\lib
???????????? E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\bin
?????? 2、將python安裝目錄C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32下的dll文件拷貝到C:\WINDOWS\system32
?????? 3、說(shuō)明:如果跳過(guò)以上兩步,在import pg時(shí)將會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò),并且會(huì)浪費(fèi)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能搞定。
三、程序?qū)崿F(xiàn):
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- #導(dǎo)入日志及pg模塊 import logging import logging.config import pg #日志配置文件名 LOG_FILENAME = 'logging.conf' #日志語(yǔ)句提示信息 LOG_CONTENT_NAME = 'pg_log' def log_init(log_config_filename, logname): ''' Function:日志模塊初始化函數(shù) Input:log_config_filename:日志配置文件名 lognmae:每條日志前的提示語(yǔ)句 Output: logger author: socrates date:2012-02-12 ''' logging.config.fileConfig(log_config_filename) logger = logging.getLogger(logname) return logger def operate_postgre_tbl_product(): ''' Function:操作pg數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)函數(shù) Input:NONE Output: NONE author: socrates date:2012-02-12 ''' pgdb_logger.debug("operate_postgre_tbl_product enter...") #連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) try: pgdb_conn = pg.connect(dbname = 'kevin_test', host = '192.168.230.128', user = 'dyx1024', passwd = '888888') except Exception, e: print e.args[0] pgdb_logger.error("conntect postgre database failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) return pgdb_logger.info("conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ.") #刪除表 sql_desc = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_product3;" try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print 'drop table failed' pgdb_logger.error("drop table failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info("drop table(tbl_product3) succ.") #創(chuàng)建表 sql_desc = '''CREATE TABLE tbl_product3( i_index INTEGER, sv_productname VARCHAR(32) );''' try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print 'create table failed' pgdb_logger.error("create table failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info("create table(tbl_product3) succ.") #插入記錄 sql_desc = "INSERT INTO tbl_product3(sv_productname) values('apple')" try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print 'insert record into table failed' pgdb_logger.error("insert record into table failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info("insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ.") #查詢(xún)表 1 sql_desc = "select * from tbl_product3" for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult(): print row pgdb_logger.info("%s", row) #查詢(xún)表2 sql_desc = "select * from tbl_test_port" for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult(): print row pgdb_logger.info("%s", row) #關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接 pgdb_conn.close() pgdb_logger.debug("operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving...") if __name__ == '__main__': #初始化日志系統(tǒng) pgdb_logger = log_init(LOG_FILENAME, LOG_CONTENT_NAME) #操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) operate_postgre_tbl_product()
四、測(cè)試:
?1、運(yùn)行后命令行打印結(jié)果:
{'sv_productname': 'apple', 'i_index': None} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 2, 'i_index': 1} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3, 'i_index': 2} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 5, 'i_index': 3} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 0, 'i_index': 5} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 18, 'i_index': 7} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 8, 'i_index': 8} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 7, 'i_index': 9} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 21, 'i_index': 10} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 23, 'i_index': 11} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 29, 'i_index': 12} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3000, 'i_index': 4} {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 1999, 'i_index': 6}
2、日志文件內(nèi)容:
[2012-02-12 18:09:53,536 pg_log]DEBUG: operate_postgre_tbl_product enter... (test_func.py:36) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,772 pg_log]INFO: conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ. (test_func.py:46) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,786 pg_log]INFO: drop table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:58) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: create table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:73) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:85) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'sv_productname': 'apple', 'i_index': None} (test_func.py:91) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 2, 'i_index': 1} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3, 'i_index': 2} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 5, 'i_index': 3} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 0, 'i_index': 5} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 18, 'i_index': 7} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 8, 'i_index': 8} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 7, 'i_index': 9} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 21, 'i_index': 10} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 23, 'i_index': 11} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 29, 'i_index': 12} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3000, 'i_index': 4} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 1999, 'i_index': 6} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]DEBUG: operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving... (test_func.py:101)
3、psql查看結(jié)果:
[root@kevin ~]# su - postgres [postgres@kevin ~]$ psql -U dyx1024 -d kevin_test psql (8.4.2) Type "help" for help. kevin_test=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner --------+---------------+-------+---------------- public | tbl_product3 | table | dyx1024 public | tbl_test_port | table | pg_test_user_3 (2 rows) kevin_test=# select * from tbl_product3; i_index | sv_productname ---------+---------------- | apple (1 row) kevin_test=# select * from tbl_test_port; i_index | i_port | i_status ---------+--------+---------- 1 | 2 | 1 2 | 3 | 1 3 | 5 | 1 5 | 0 | 1 7 | 18 | 1 8 | 8 | 1 9 | 7 | 1 10 | 21 | 1 11 | 23 | 1 12 | 29 | 1 4 | 3000 | 1 6 | 1999 | 1 (12 rows) kevin_test=# \q [postgres@kevin ~]$
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