本例實際環境架構

本例架構示例圖：

1. 分別在3臺機器運行一個mongod實例（稱為mongod shard11，mongod shard12，mongod shard13）組織replica set1，作為cluster的shard1
2. 分別在3臺機器運行一個mongod實例（稱為mongod shard21，mongod shard22，mongod shard23）組織replica set2，作為cluster的shard2
3. 每臺機器運行一個mongod實例，作為3個config server
4. 每臺機器運行一個mongs進程，用于客戶端連接

主機 ?	IP	端口信息
Server1	10.1.1.1	mongod shard11:27017 mongod shard12:27018 mongod config1:20000 mongs1:30000
Server2	10.1.1.2	mongod shard12:27017 mongod shard22:27018 mongod config2:20000 mongs2:30000
Server3	10.1.1.3	mongod shard13:27017 mongod shard23:27018 mongod config3:20000 mongs3:30000

軟件準備

軟件準備
1.?創建用戶
groupadd -g 20001 mongodb
useradd -u 20001 -g mongodb mongodb
passwd mongodb

2.?安裝monodb軟件
su – mongodb
tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2.tar
安裝好后，目錄結構如下：
$ tree mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2
mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2
|– GNU-AGPL-3.0
|– README
|– THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
`– bin
??? |– bsondump
??? |– mongo
??? |– mongod
??? |– mongodump
??? |– mongoexport
??? |– mongofiles
??? |– mongoimport
??? |– mongorestore
??? |– mongos
??? |– mongosniff
??? `– mongostat
1 directory, 14 files

3.?創建數據目錄
根據本例sharding架構圖所示，在各臺sever上創建shard數據文件目錄
Server1:
su – monodb
cd /home/monodb
mkdir -p data/shard11
mkdir -p data/shard21
Server2:
su – monodb
cd /home/monodb
mkdir -p data/shard11
mkdir -p data/shard22
Server3:
su – monodb
cd /home/monodb
mkdir -p data/shard13
mkdir -p data/shard23

配置relica sets

1.?配置shard1所用到的replica sets:
Server1:
cd /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2/bin
./mongod –shardsvr –replSet shard1 –port 27017 –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/shard11 –oplogSize 100 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/shard11.log –logappend –fork

Server2:
cd /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2/bin
./mongod –shardsvr –replSet shard1 –port 27017 –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/shard12 –oplogSize 100 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/shard12.log –logappend –fork

Server3:
cd /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2/bin
./mongod –shardsvr –replSet shard1 –port 27017 –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/shard13 –oplogSize 100 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/shard13.log –logappend –fork

初始化replica set
用mongo連接其中一個mongod，執行:
> config = {_id: ‘shard1′, members: [
????????????????????????? {_id: 0, host: '10.1.1.1:27017'},
????????????????????????? {_id: 1, host: '10.1.1.2:27017'},
????????????????????????? {_id: 2, host: '10.1.1.3:27017'}]
?????????? }

> rs.initiate(config);

同樣方法，配置shard2用到的replica sets:
server1:
cd /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2/bin
./mongod –shardsvr –replSet shard2 –port 27018 –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/shard21 –oplogSize 100 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/shard21.log –logappend –fork

server2:
cd /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2/bin
./mongod –shardsvr –replSet shard2 –port 27018 –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/shard22 –oplogSize 100 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/shard22.log –logappend –fork

server3:
cd /home/mongodb/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.2/bin
./mongod –shardsvr –replSet shard2 –port 27018 –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/shard23 –oplogSize 100 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/shard23.log –logappend –fork

初始化replica set
用mongo連接其中一個mongod，執行:
> config = {_id: ‘shard2′, members: [
????????????????????????? {_id: 0, host: '10.1.1.1:27018'},
????????????????????????? {_id: 1, host: '10.1.1.2:27018'},
????????????????????????? {_id: 2, host: '10.1.1.3:27018'}]
?????????? }

> rs.initiate(config);

到此就配置好了二個replica sets，也就是準備好了二個shards

配置三臺config server

Server1:
mkdir -p /home/mongodb/data/config
./mongod –configsvr –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/config –port 20000 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/config.log –logappend –fork?? #config server也需要dbpath
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Server2:
mkdir -p /home/mongodb/data/config
./mongod –configsvr –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/config –port 20000 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/config.log –logappend –fork

Server3:
mkdir -p /home/mongodb/data/config
./mongod –configsvr –dbpath /home/mongodb/data/config –port 20000 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/config.log –logappend –fork

配置mongs

在server1,server2,server3上分別執行：
./mongos –configdb 10.1.1.1:20000,10.1.1.2:20000,10.1.1.3:20000 –port 30000 –chunkSize 5 –logpath /home/mongodb/data/mongos.log –logappend –fork?
#mongs不需要dbpath

Configuring the Shard Cluster

連接到其中一個mongos進程，并切換到admin數據庫做以下配置
1.?連接到mongs，并切換到admin
./mongo 10.1.1.1:30000/admin
>db
Admin
2.?加入shards
如里shard是單臺服務器，用>db.runCommand( { addshard : “<serverhostname>[:<port>]” } )這樣的命令加入，如果shard是replica sets，用replicaSetName/<serverhostname>[:port][,serverhostname2[:port],…]這樣的格式表示，例如本例執行：
>db.runCommand( { addshard : “shard1/10.1.1.1:27017,10.1.1.2:27017,10.1.1.3:27017″,name:”s1″,maxsize:20480} );
>db.runCommand( { addshard : “shard2/10.1.1.1:27018,10.1.1.2:27018,10.1.1.3:27018″,name:”s2″,maxsize:20480} );
注意：在添加第二個shard時，出現error:test database 已經存在的錯誤，這里用mongo命令連接到第二個replica set，用db.dropDatabase()命令把test數據庫給刪除然后就可加入

3.?可選參數
Name:用于指定每個shard的名字，不指定的話系統將自動分配
maxSize:指定各個shard可使用的最大磁盤空間，單位megabytes

4.?Listing shards
>db.runCommand( { listshards : 1 } )
如果列出了以上二個你加的shards，表示shards已經配置成功

5.?激活數據庫分片
命令：
> db.runCommand( { enablesharding : “<dbname>” } );
通過執行以上命令，可以讓數據庫跨shard，如果不執行這步，數據庫只會存放在一個shard，一旦激活數據庫分片，數據庫中不同的collection將被存放在不同的shard上，但一個collection仍舊存放在同一個shard上，要使單個collection也分片，還需單獨對collection作些操作

Collecton分片

要使單個collection也分片存儲，需要給collection指定一個分片key，通過以下命令操作：
> db.runCommand( { shardcollection : “<namespace>”,key : <shardkeypatternobject> });
注：
?a.?分片的collection系統會自動創建一個索引（也可用戶提前創建好）
?b. 分片的collection只能有一個在分片key上的唯一索引，其它唯一索引不被允許
One note: a sharded collection can have only one unique index, which must exist on the shard key. No other unique indexes can exist on the collection.

分片collection例子

>db.runCommand( { shardcollection : “test.c1″,key : {id: 1} } )
>for (var i = 1; i <= 200003; i++) db.c1.save({id:i,value1:”1234567890″,value2:”1234567890″,value3:”1234567890″,value4:”1234567890″});
> db.c1.stats()
{
??????? “sharded” : true,
??????? “ns” : “test.c1″,
??????? “count” : 200003,
??????? “size” : 25600384,
??????? “avgObjSize” : 128,
??????? “storageSize” : 44509696,
??????? “nindexes” : 2,
??????? “nchunks” : 15,
??????? “shards” : {
??????????????? “s1″ : {
??????????????????????? “ns” : “test.c1″,
??????????????????????? “count” : 141941,
??????????????????????? “size” : 18168448,
??????????????????????? “avgObjSize” : 128,
??????????????????????? “storageSize” : 33327616,
??????????????????????? “numExtents” : 8,
??????????????????????? “nindexes” : 2,
??????????????????????? “lastExtentSize” : 12079360,
??????????????????????? “paddingFactor” : 1,
??????????????????????? “flags” : 1,
??????????????????????? “totalIndexSize” : 11157504,
??????????????????????? “indexSizes” : {
??????????????????????????????? “_id_” : 5898240,
??????????????????????????????? “id_1″ : 5259264
??????????????????????? },
??????????????????????? “ok” : 1
??????????????? },
??????????????? “s2″ : {
??????????????????????? “ns” : “test.c1″,
??????????????????????? “count” : 58062,
??????????????????????? “size” : 7431936,
??????????????????????? “avgObjSize” : 128,
??????????????????????? “storageSize” : 11182080,
??????????????????????? “numExtents” : 6,
??????????????????????? “nindexes” : 2,
??????????????????????? “lastExtentSize” : 8388608,
??????????????????????? “paddingFactor” : 1,
??????????????????????? “flags” : 1,
??????????????????????? “totalIndexSize” : 4579328,
??????????????????????? “indexSizes” : {
??????????????????????????????? “_id_” : 2416640,
??????????????????????????????? “id_1″ : 2162688
??????????????????????? },
??????????????????????? “ok” : 1
??????????????? }
??????? },
??????? “ok” : 1
}

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