前言

python的時間格式分為多種，幾種格式之間的轉換方法時常是我們遇到的而且是經常忘記的點，python不像php，時間字符串和datetime是一起的，只需要strtotime和date函數就可以相互轉化。雖然網上已經有很多python時間轉換的文章，但是由于作者本人經常做海外業務，需要各種時區之間的轉換，所以這篇文章會對按時區轉換各種時間格式做一個總結。

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轉換方法圖示(圖片轉自網絡)：

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一、字符串轉時間戳
1、默認：

            
              import time

def time_str_to_timestamp(string_time, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"):
    return int(time.mktime(time.strptime(string_time, _format)))

            
          

2、按時區轉：

            
              import time
import datetime
from pytz import timezone as tz

def time_str_to_timestamp_by_timezone(string_time, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”, from_tz=“UTC”, to_tz="America/Los_Angeles"):
    from_tz = tz(from_tz)
    to_tz = tz(to_tz)
    return int(time.mktime(
        datetime.datetime.strptime(string_time, _format).replace(
            tzinfo=from_tz).astimezone(to_tz).timetuple()))


            
          

二、時間戳轉字符串
1、默認：

            
              import time

def timestamp_to_str(timestamp, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"):
    return time.strftime(_format, time.localtime(timestamp))

            
          

2、按時區轉：

            
              import datetime
from pytz import timezone as tz

def timestamp_to_str_by_timezone(timestamp, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”, to_tz="America/Los_Angeles"):
    to_tz = tz(to_tz)
    return str(datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp, to_tz).strftime(_format))

            
          

三、字符串轉datetime
1、默認：

            
              import datetime

def datetime_str_to_datetime(string_time, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"):
    return datetime.datetime.strptime(string_time, _format)

            
          

2、按時區轉：

            
              import datetime
from pytz import timezone as tz

def datetime_str_to_datetime_by_timezone(string_time, from_tz=“UTC”, to_tz="America/Los_Angeles”, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",):
    from_tz = tz(from_tz)
    to_tz = tz(to_tz)
    return datetime.datetime.strptime(string_time, _format).replace(
                tzinfo=from_tz).astimezone(to_tz)

            
          

四、datetime轉字符串
1、默認：

            
              import datetime

def datetime_to_datetime_str(date, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"):
    return date.strftime(_format)

            
          

2、按時區轉：

            
              import datetime
from pytz import timezone as tz

def datetime_to_datetime_str_by_timezone(date, from_tz=“UTC”, to_tz="America/Los_Angeles”, _format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"):
    from_tz = tz(from_tz)
    to_tz = tz(to_tz)
    date = date.replace(tzinfo=from_tz).astimezone(to_tz)
    return date.strftime(_format)

            
          

五、datetime轉時間戳
1、默認：

            
              import time

def datetime_to_timestamp(date):
    return int(time.mktime(date.timetuple()))

            
          

2、按時區轉：

            
              import time
from pytz import timezone as tz

def datetime_to_timestamp_by_timezone(date, from_tz=“UTC”, to_tz="America/Los_Angeles"):
    from_tz = tz(from_tz)
    to_tz = tz(to_tz)
    return int(time.mktime(date.replace(
            tzinfo=from_tz).astimezone(to_tz).timetuple()))

            
          

六、時間戳轉datetime
1、默認：

            
              import datetime

def timestamp_to_datetime(time_stamp):
    return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time_stamp)

            
          

2、按時區轉：

            
              import datetime
from pytz import timezone as tz

def timestamp_to_datetime_by_timezone(time_stamp, to_tz="America/Los_Angeles"):
    to_tz = tz(to_tz)
    return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time_stamp, to_tz)

            
          

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