前言

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本文使用的源碼安裝及其排錯，下列為其他幾種安裝方式。

yum安裝：
yum install MySQL-python -y

pip安裝：
pip install python-mysql

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Python安裝MySQLdb模塊

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【1】官網(wǎng)下載合適的版本

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https://pypi.org/project/MySQL-python/

或

            
              wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a5/e9/51b544da85a36a68debe7a7091f068d802fc515a3a202652828c73453cad/MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip   

            
          

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【2】解壓及安裝

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              安裝依賴包：
yum -y install rpm-build gcc-c++ mysql-devel python-devel

            
          

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              unzip MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip
cd MySQL-python-1.2.5

            
          

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              find / -name mysql_config

vim site.cfg(取消mysql_config前的注釋，并配置為你實際的數(shù)據(jù)庫該文件所在位置）

[options]
# embedded: link against the embedded server library
# threadsafe: use the threadsafe client
# static: link against a static library (probably required for embedded)

embedded = False
threadsafe = True
static = False

# The path to mysql_config.
# Only use this if mysql_config is not on your PATH, or you have some weird
# setup that requires it.
#mysql_config = /usr/local/bin/mysql_config
mysql_config = /app/mysql/bin/mysql_config

# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1972259/mysql-python-install-problem-using-virtualenv-windows-pip
# Windows connector libs for MySQL. You need a 32-bit connector for your 32-bit Python build.
connector = C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Connector C 6.0.2

            
          

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              python setup.py build

            
          

            
              python setup.py install

            
          

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【3】驗證

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python中輸入import MySQLdb，無報錯即為成功

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安裝過程中的報錯及解決

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【1】ImportError: libmysqlclient.so.xx

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原因：系統(tǒng)找不到名為libmysqlclient.so.xx的庫文件

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解決方法：

<1>刪除生成的build目錄

            
              cd MySQL-python-1.2.5
rm -rf build

            
          

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<2>查找libmysqlclient.so.xx文件的位置

            
              find / -name libmysqlclient.so.xx

            
          

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<3>將文件發(fā)送到默認(rèn)lib庫位置處，可以做個軟鏈接

            
              ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.xx /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.xx

            
          

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<4> /etc/ld.so.conf添加庫的位置

            
              include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/lib/
/usr/local/lib/
/usr/local/mysql/lib/

重新加載配置：
ldconfig

            
          

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【2】ImportError: /root/.python-eggs/MySQL_python-1.2.5-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg-tmp/_mysql.so: undefined symbol: __cxa_pure_virtual

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原因：在編譯的時候沒有成功加載zlib，更換編譯器gcc 為g++

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解決方法：

<1>刪除生成的build目錄

            
              cd MySQL-python-1.2.5
rm -rf build

            
          

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<2>執(zhí)行build

            
              python setup.py build

            
          

復(fù)制顯示的最后一行：

            
              gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o -L/shang1/test/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient_r -lpthread -lz -lm -lrt -ldl -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.so

            
          

<3>更換gcc為g++后執(zhí)行

            
              g++ -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.o -L/shang1/test/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient_r -lpthread -lz -lm -lrt -ldl -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.so

            
          

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<4>無報錯后，執(zhí)行install

            
               python setup.py install

            
          

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【3】UserWarning: Module _mysql was already imported from…

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原因：你是在解壓后的源碼包的位置執(zhí)行的import，模塊重復(fù)導(dǎo)致報錯。

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解決方法：
切換的目錄執(zhí)行import即可。