除請求對象之外，還有一個 session 對象。它允許你在不同請求間存儲特定用戶的信息。它是在 Cookies 的基礎(chǔ)上實現(xiàn)的，并且對 Cookies 進(jìn)行密鑰簽名要使用會話，你需要設(shè)置一個密鑰。

• 設(shè)置：session['username'] ＝ 'xxx'
• 刪除：session.pop('username', None)

          
            from flask import Flask,url_for,session
'''
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'''
app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = "sdsfdgdgdgd"
app.config['SESSION_COOKIE_NAME'] = 'session_lvning'  #設(shè)置session的名字

@app.route('/index/')
def index(nid):
    #session本質(zhì)上操作的是字典， 所有對session操作的方法與字典方法相同
    #session的原理：如果下一次訪問的時候帶著隨機(jī)字符串，會把session里面對應(yīng)的
    # 值拿到內(nèi)存，假設(shè)session保存在數(shù)據(jù)庫，每執(zhí)行一次鏈接一次數(shù)據(jù)庫，每次都要時時更新的話，會非常損耗數(shù)據(jù)庫的效率
    session["xxx"] = 123
    session["xxx2"] = 123
    session["xxx3"] = 123
    session["xxx4"] = 123
    del session["xxx2"]  #在這刪除了，真正存儲的時候是沒有xxx2的
    return "ddsf"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

          
        

關(guān)于session的配置

app.config['SESSION_COOKIE_NAME'] = 'session_lvning'

          
            - session超時時間如何設(shè)置？      'PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME':           timedelta(days=31)
 以下是跟session相關(guān)的配置文件
"""
            'SESSION_COOKIE_NAME':                  'session',
            'SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN':                None,
            'SESSION_COOKIE_PATH':                  None,
            'SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY':              True,
            'SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE':                False,
            'SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST':         True,  #是否每次都跟新
            'PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME':           timedelta(days=31)

          
        

基本使用

          
            from flask import Flask, session, redirect, url_for, escape, request
 
app = Flask(__name__)
 
@app.route('/')
def index():
    if 'username' in session:
        return 'Logged in as %s' % escape(session['username'])
    return 'You are not logged in'
 
@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        session['username'] = request.form['username']
        return redirect(url_for('index'))
    return '''
        
            

              

                
              
              

                
              
            
            
    '''
 
@app.route('/logout')
def logout():
    # remove the username from the session if it's there
    session.pop('username', None)
    return redirect(url_for('index'))
 
# set the secret key.  keep this really secret:
app.secret_key = 'A0Zr98j/3yX R~XHH!jmN]LWX/,?RT'


          
        

自定義Session

          
            pip3 install Flask-Session
        
        run.py
            from flask import Flask
            from flask import session
            from pro_flask.utils.session import MySessionInterface
            app = Flask(__name__)

            app.secret_key = 'A0Zr98j/3yX R~XHH!jmN]LWX/,?RT'
            app.session_interface = MySessionInterface()

            @app.route('/login.html', methods=['GET', "POST"])
            def login():
                print(session)
                session['user1'] = 'alex'
                session['user2'] = 'alex'
                del session['user2']

                return "內(nèi)容"

            if __name__ == '__main__':
                app.run()

        session.py
            #!/usr/bin/env python
            # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
            import uuid
            import json
            from flask.sessions import SessionInterface
            from flask.sessions import SessionMixin
            from itsdangerous import Signer, BadSignature, want_bytes


            class MySession(dict, SessionMixin):
                def __init__(self, initial=None, sid=None):
                    self.sid = sid
                    self.initial = initial
                    super(MySession, self).__init__(initial or ())


                def __setitem__(self, key, value):
                    super(MySession, self).__setitem__(key, value)

                def __getitem__(self, item):
                    return super(MySession, self).__getitem__(item)

                def __delitem__(self, key):
                    super(MySession, self).__delitem__(key)



            class MySessionInterface(SessionInterface):
                session_class = MySession
                container = {}

                def __init__(self):
                    import redis
                    self.redis = redis.Redis()

                def _generate_sid(self):
                    return str(uuid.uuid4())

                def _get_signer(self, app):
                    if not app.secret_key:
                        return None
                    return Signer(app.secret_key, salt='flask-session',
                                  key_derivation='hmac')

                def open_session(self, app, request):
                    """
                    程序剛啟動時執(zhí)行，需要返回一個session對象
                    """
                    sid = request.cookies.get(app.session_cookie_name)
                    if not sid:
                        sid = self._generate_sid()
                        return self.session_class(sid=sid)

                    signer = self._get_signer(app)
                    try:
                        sid_as_bytes = signer.unsign(sid)
                        sid = sid_as_bytes.decode()
                    except BadSignature:
                        sid = self._generate_sid()
                        return self.session_class(sid=sid)

                    # session保存在redis中
                    # val = self.redis.get(sid)
                    # session保存在內(nèi)存中
                    val = self.container.get(sid)

                    if val is not None:
                        try:
                            data = json.loads(val)
                            return self.session_class(data, sid=sid)
                        except:
                            return self.session_class(sid=sid)
                    return self.session_class(sid=sid)

                def save_session(self, app, session, response):
                    """
                    程序結(jié)束前執(zhí)行，可以保存session中所有的值
                    如：
                        保存到resit
                        寫入到用戶cookie
                    """
                    domain = self.get_cookie_domain(app)
                    path = self.get_cookie_path(app)
                    httponly = self.get_cookie_httponly(app)
                    secure = self.get_cookie_secure(app)
                    expires = self.get_expiration_time(app, session)

                    val = json.dumps(dict(session))

                    # session保存在redis中
                    # self.redis.setex(name=session.sid, value=val, time=app.permanent_session_lifetime)
                    # session保存在內(nèi)存中
                    self.container.setdefault(session.sid, val)

                    session_id = self._get_signer(app).sign(want_bytes(session.sid))

                    response.set_cookie(app.session_cookie_name, session_id,
                                        expires=expires, httponly=httponly,
                                        domain=domain, path=path, secure=secure)

          
        

第三方session

          
            #!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
"""
pip3 install redis
pip3 install flask-session

"""


from flask import Flask, session, redirect
from flask.ext.session import Session


app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True
app.secret_key = 'asdfasdfasd'


app.config['SESSION_TYPE'] = 'redis'
from redis import Redis
app.config['SESSION_REDIS'] = Redis(host='192.168.0.94',port='6379')
Session(app)


@app.route('/login')
def login():
    session['username'] = 'alex'
    return redirect('/index')


@app.route('/index')
def index():
    name = session['username']
    return name


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()