效果展示
規則介紹
基于二維元胞自動機的生命游戲可視化實現
規則:藍色方塊代表生命
- 有顏色的方塊代表生命,無顏色的方塊代表死亡
-
一個細胞周圍有八個細胞,對于一個活細胞來說,如果它周圍的八個細胞中:
如果只有一個或沒有一個是活的,那這個細胞就會死亡
如果其中兩個或者三個細胞是活的,那這個細胞就能維持生命
如果超過3個細胞是活著的,那這個細胞就會因為過于擁擠而死亡 - 對于一個死細胞來說,如果這個細胞周圍如果有三個細胞存活,該將獲得新生。
附:所有規則都可以修改,種群初始密度也可以修改。本實驗采用初始化人口隨機分布,也可以自定義初始化人口分布以及網格大小得到滑翔機,播種機等復雜美觀圖形。
源碼
''' demoName:life simulation game principle: cellular automata (two dimensional) the rule of the game : 1. colored cell represents life, uncolored cell represents death 2. a cell has eight cells around it, to a live cell: 2.1 if only one or none of them are live, the cell will die 2.2 if two or three of them are live, the cell will sustain life 2.4 if more than three of them are live, the cell will die 3. to a dead cell, if there are three alive around it ,the cell will gain life '''
import
pygame
import
sys
import
math
import
random
import
copy
pygame
.
init
(
)
chess_number
=
60
# 設置棋盤大小
LIVEDENSITY
=
0.3
#生命密度
TICK
=
10
#幀數
BG
=
(
20
,
20
,
20
)
#背景色
LINECOLOR
=
(
52
,
53
,
46
)
#網格色
LIFECOLOR
=
(
31
,
97
,
189
)
#活細胞的顏色
CELL_LENGTH
=
int
(
600
/
chess_number
)
#每個格子的像素大小
LINE_WIDTH
=
4
#線的寬度
START_POSX
=
50
START_POSY
=
50
#239,60,57 紅色 79,167,47綠色 188,69,229 紫色
#224,90,9 橙色 252,61,63大紅
#188,69,229 紫色 239,60,57 紅
#39,202,149 天綠 31,97,189藍色 22,178,243 天藍
# 設置背景框大小
size
=
width
,
height
=
2
*
START_POSX
+
chess_number
*
CELL_LENGTH
,
2
*
START_POSY
+
chess_number
*
CELL_LENGTH
# 設置幀率,返回clock 類
clock
=
pygame
.
time
.
Clock
(
)
screen
=
pygame
.
display
.
set_mode
(
size
)
pygame
.
display
.
set_caption
(
"Accelerator made"
)
#畫
def
draw
(
livcell
)
:
''' 進行一次繪畫操作,可以理解為進行一幀操作所更新的畫面 param:操作前活細胞圖 return:操作后活細胞圖 '''
for
i
in
range
(
chess_number
+
1
)
:
pygame
.
draw
.
line
(
screen
,
LINECOLOR
,
(
START_POSX
,
START_POSY
+
i
*
CELL_LENGTH
)
,
(
START_POSX
+
chess_number
*
CELL_LENGTH
,
START_POSY
+
i
*
CELL_LENGTH
)
,
LINE_WIDTH
)
#橫線
pygame
.
draw
.
line
(
screen
,
LINECOLOR
,
(
START_POSX
+
i
*
CELL_LENGTH
,
START_POSY
)
,
(
START_POSX
+
i
*
CELL_LENGTH
,
START_POSY
+
chess_number
*
CELL_LENGTH
)
,
LINE_WIDTH
)
#豎線#
#畫活細胞
livcell
=
rule
(
livcell
)
print
(
'drawnew'
,
livcell
)
return
livcell
def
drawcell
(
i
,
j
,
cellkind
)
:
''' 畫出一個具體的方塊 param:行,列,方塊顏色種類 '''
pygame
.
draw
.
rect
(
screen
,
cellkind
,
[
START_POSX
+
CELL_LENGTH
*
j
+
(
LINE_WIDTH
-
1
)
,
START_POSY
+
CELL_LENGTH
*
i
+
(
LINE_WIDTH
-
1
)
,
CELL_LENGTH
-
LINE_WIDTH
,
CELL_LENGTH
-
LINE_WIDTH
]
,
0
)
#終點. Rect(left,top,width,height)
def
creatlife
(
density
)
:
''' 在初始狀態下創造生命 param:所要求生成生命細胞的密度 return:初始生命細胞的位置圖 '''
livcell
=
[
[
0
]
*
chess_number
for
i
in
range
(
chess_number
)
]
for
i
in
range
(
chess_number
)
:
for
j
in
range
(
chess_number
)
:
pwall
=
random
.
random
(
)
if
pwall
<
density
:
livcell
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
1
return
livcell
def
neighborcell
(
pos
)
:
''' 獲得一個細胞周圍的細胞位置,并且存入數組 param:細胞的位置 return:這個細胞所有的鄰居細胞 '''
neighborList
=
[
]
x
=
pos
[
0
]
y
=
pos
[
1
]
neighborList
=
[
[
x
-
1
,
y
-
1
]
,
[
x
-
1
,
y
]
,
[
x
-
1
,
y
+
1
]
,
[
x
,
y
-
1
]
,
[
x
,
y
+
1
]
,
[
x
+
1
,
y
-
1
]
,
[
x
+
1
,
y
]
,
[
x
+
1
,
y
+
1
]
]
realnList
=
copy
.
deepcopy
(
neighborList
)
for
i
in
neighborList
:
if
i
[
0
]
<
0
or
i
[
0
]
>
chess_number
-
1
or
i
[
1
]
<
0
or
i
[
1
]
>
chess_number
-
1
:
realnList
.
remove
(
i
)
return
realnList
def
rule
(
livcell
)
:
''' 制定生命游戲的游戲規則 param:一次操作前所有活著細胞的位置 return:一次操作后所有活著細胞的位置 '''
newlivcell
=
copy
.
deepcopy
(
livcell
)
print
(
'livcell'
,
livcell
)
for
i
in
range
(
chess_number
)
:
for
j
in
range
(
chess_number
)
:
if
livcell
[
i
]
[
j
]
==
1
:
drawcell
(
i
,
j
,
LIFECOLOR
)
alive
=
0
for
cell
in
neighborcell
(
[
i
,
j
]
)
:
if
livcell
[
cell
[
0
]
]
[
cell
[
1
]
]
==
1
:
alive
+=
1
if
alive
==
0
or
alive
==
1
:
newlivcell
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
0
elif
alive
==
2
or
alive
==
3
:
newlivcell
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
1
else
:
newlivcell
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
0
else
:
alive
=
0
for
cell
in
neighborcell
(
[
i
,
j
]
)
:
if
livcell
[
cell
[
0
]
]
[
cell
[
1
]
]
==
1
:
alive
+=
1
if
alive
==
3
:
newlivcell
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
1
return
newlivcell
def
main
(
)
:
livcell
=
creatlife
(
LIVEDENSITY
)
while
True
:
for
event
in
pygame
.
event
.
get
(
)
:
# 查找關閉窗口事件
if
event
.
type
==
pygame
.
QUIT
:
sys
.
exit
(
)
# 填充背景色
screen
.
fill
(
BG
)
livcell
=
draw
(
livcell
)
# 刷新圖s
pygame
.
display
.
flip
(
)
clock
.
tick
(
TICK
)
if
__name__
==
"__main__"
:
main
(
)
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