Python實(shí)現(xiàn)文件的全備份和差異備份
之前有寫(xiě)利用md5方式來(lái)做差異備份,但是這種md5方式來(lái)寫(xiě)存在以下問(wèn)題:
- md5sum獲取有些軟連接的MD5值存在問(wèn)題
- 不支持對(duì)空目錄進(jìn)行備份,因?yàn)閙d5sum無(wú)法獲取空目錄的md5值
-
權(quán)限的修改md5sum無(wú)法判斷
解決方案:
利用文件的mtime ctime
mtime(Modified time)是在寫(xiě)入文件時(shí)隨文件內(nèi)容的更改而更改的
ctime(Create time)是在寫(xiě)入文件、更改所有者、權(quán)限或鏈接設(shè)置時(shí)隨Inode的內(nèi)容更改而更改的
廢話不多說(shuō)直接上代碼:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import time,os,sys,cPickle
fileInfo = {}
def logger(time,fileName,status,fileNum):
f = open('backup.log','a')
f.write("%s\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n" % (time,fileName,status,fileNum))
def tar(sDir,dDir,fileNum):
command = "tar zcf %s %s >/dev/null 2>&1" % (dDir + ".tar.gz",sDir)
if os.system(command) == 0:
logger(time.strftime('%F %X'),dDir + ".tar.gz",'success',fileNum)
else:
logger(time.strftime('%F %X'),dDir + ".tar.gz",'failed',fileNum)
def fullBak(path):
fileNum = 0
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
for name in files:
file = os.path.join(root, name)
mtime = os.path.getmtime(file)
ctime = os.path.getctime(file)
fileInfo[file] = (mtime,ctime)
fileNum += 1
f = open(P,'w')
cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)
f.close()
tar(S,D,fileNum)
def diffBak(path):
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
for name in files:
file = os.path.join(root,name)
mtime = os.path.getmtime(file)
ctime = os.path.getctime(file)
fileInfo[file] = (mtime,ctime)
if os.path.isfile(P) == 0:
f = open(P,'w')
f.close()
if os.stat(P).st_size == 0:
f = open(P,'w')
cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)
fileNum = len(fileInfo.keys())
f.close()
print fileNum
tar(S,D,fileNum)
else:
f = open(P)
old_fileInfo = cPickle.load(f)
f.close()
difference = dict(set(fileInfo.items())^set(old_fileInfo.items()))
fileNum = len(difference)
print fileNum
difference_file = ' '.join(difference.keys())
print difference_file
tar(difference_file,D,fileNum)
f = open(P,'w')
cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)
f.close()
def Usage():
print '''
Syntax: python file_bakcup.py pickle_file model source_dir filename_bk
model: 1:Full backup 2:Differential backup
example: python file_backup.py fileinfo.pk 2 /etc etc_$(date +%F)
explain: Automatically add '.tar.gz' suffix
'''
sys.exit()
if len(sys.argv) != 5:
Usage()
P = sys.argv[1]
M = int(sys.argv[2])
S = sys.argv[3]
D = sys.argv[4]
if M == 1:
fullBak(S)
elif M == 2:
diffBak(S)
else:
print "\033[;31mDoes not support this mode\033[0m"
Usage()
測(cè)試:
$ python file_backup.py data.pk 1 data data_$(date +%F) #全備份
$ > data/www.linuxeye.com #測(cè)試創(chuàng)建文件,修改文件權(quán)限
$ chmod 777 data/py/eshop_bk/data.db
$ python file_backup.py data.pk 2 data data_$(date +%F)_1 #備份改變的文件
2
data/py/eshop_bk/data.db data/www.linuxeye.com
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