下面我們會(huì)以android實(shí)例來(lái)展示對(duì)應(yīng)的功能,程序界面于下:
程序代碼如下,后面部分有代碼說(shuō)明:
說(shuō)明(代碼詳細(xì)解釋請(qǐng)見(jiàn)后文):
- package com.android.messageexample;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.graphics.Color;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.Handler;
- import android.os.Looper;
- import android.os.Message;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.LinearLayout;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- public class MessageExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
- private final int WC = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
- private final int FP = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT;
- public TextView tv;
- private EventHandler mHandler;
- private Handler mOtherThreadHandler=null;
- private Button btn, btn2, btn3, btn4, btn5, btn6;
- private NoLooperThread noLooerThread = null;
- private OwnLooperThread ownLooperThread = null;
- private ReceiveMessageThread receiveMessageThread =null;
- private Context context = null;
- private final String sTag = "MessageExample";
- private boolean postRunnable = false;
- /** Called when the activity is first created. */
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- context = this.getApplicationContext();
- LinearLayout layout = new LinearLayout(this);
- layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
- btn = new Button(this);
- btn.setId(101);
- btn.setText("message from main thread self");
- btn.setOnClickListener(this);
- LinearLayout.LayoutParams param =
- new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(250,50);
- param.topMargin = 10;
- layout.addView(btn, param);
- btn2 = new Button(this);
- btn2.setId(102);
- btn2.setText("message from other thread to main thread");
- btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
- layout.addView(btn2, param);
- btn3 = new Button(this);
- btn3.setId(103);
- btn3.setText("message to other thread from itself");
- btn3.setOnClickListener(this);
- layout.addView(btn3, param);
- btn4 = new Button(this);
- btn4.setId(104);
- btn4.setText("message with Runnable as callback from other thread to main thread");
- btn4.setOnClickListener(this);
- layout.addView(btn4, param);
- btn5 = new Button(this);
- btn5.setId(105);
- btn5.setText("main thread's message to other thread");
- btn5.setOnClickListener(this);
- layout.addView(btn5, param);
- btn6 = new Button(this);
- btn6.setId(106);
- btn6.setText("exit");
- btn6.setOnClickListener(this);
- layout.addView(btn6, param);
- tv = new TextView(this);
- tv.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
- tv.setText("");
- LinearLayout.LayoutParams param2 =
- new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(FP, WC);
- param2.topMargin = 10;
- layout.addView(tv, param2);
- setContentView(layout);
- //主線程要發(fā)送消息給other thread, 這里創(chuàng)建那個(gè)other thread
- receiveMessageThread = new ReceiveMessageThread();
- receiveMessageThread.start();
- }
- //implement the OnClickListener interface
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- switch(v.getId()){
- case 101:
- //主線程發(fā)送消息給自己
- Looper looper;
- looper = Looper.myLooper(); //get the Main looper related with the main thread
- //如果不給任何參數(shù)的話(huà)會(huì)用當(dāng)前線程對(duì)應(yīng)的Looper(這里就是Main Looper)為Handler里面的成員mLooper賦值
- mHandler = new EventHandler(looper);
- //mHandler = new EventHandler();
- // 清除整個(gè)MessageQueue里的消息
- mHandler.removeMessages(0);
- String obj = "This main thread's message and received by itself!";
- //得到Message對(duì)象
- Message m = mHandler.obtainMessage(1, 1, 1, obj);
- // 將Message對(duì)象送入到main thread的MessageQueue里面
- mHandler.sendMessage(m);
- break;
- case 102:
- //other線程發(fā)送消息給主線程
- postRunnable = false;
- noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();
- noLooerThread.start();
- break;
- case 103:
- //other thread獲取它自己發(fā)送的消息
- tv.setText("please look at the error level log for other thread received message");
- ownLooperThread = new OwnLooperThread();
- ownLooperThread.start();
- break;
- case 104:
- //other thread通過(guò)Post Runnable方式發(fā)送消息給主線程
- postRunnable = true;
- noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();
- noLooerThread.start();
- break;
- case 105:
- //主線程發(fā)送消息給other thread
- if(null!=mOtherThreadHandler){
- tv.setText("please look at the error level log for other thread received message from main thread");
- String msgObj = "message from mainThread";
- Message mainThreadMsg = mOtherThreadHandler.obtainMessage(1, 1, 1, msgObj);
- mOtherThreadHandler.sendMessage(mainThreadMsg);
- }
- break;
- case 106:
- finish();
- break;
- }
- }
- class EventHandler extends Handler
- {
- public EventHandler(Looper looper) {
- super(looper);
- }
- public EventHandler() {
- super();
- }
- public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
- //可以根據(jù)msg.what執(zhí)行不同的處理,這里沒(méi)有這么做
- switch(msg.what){
- case 1:
- tv.setText((String)msg.obj);
- break;
- case 2:
- tv.setText((String)msg.obj);
- noLooerThread.stop();
- break;
- case 3:
- //不能在非主線程的線程里面更新UI,所以這里通過(guò)Log打印收到的消息
- Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);
- ownLooperThread.stop();
- break;
- default:
- //不能在非主線程的線程里面更新UI,所以這里通過(guò)Log打印收到的消息
- Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- //NoLooperThread
- class NoLooperThread extends Thread{
- private EventHandler mNoLooperThreadHandler;
- public void run() {
- Looper myLooper, mainLooper;
- myLooper = Looper.myLooper();
- mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper(); //這是一個(gè)static函數(shù)
- String obj;
- if(myLooper == null){
- mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);
- obj = "NoLooperThread has no looper and handleMessage function executed in main thread!";
- }
- else {
- mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);
- obj = "This is from NoLooperThread self and handleMessage function executed in NoLooperThread!";
- }
- mNoLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages(0);
- if(false == postRunnable){
- //send message to main thread
- Message m = mNoLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage(2, 1, 1, obj);
- mNoLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);
- Log.e(sTag, "NoLooperThread id:" + this.getId());
- }else{
- //下面new出來(lái)的實(shí)現(xiàn)了Runnable接口的對(duì)象中run函數(shù)是在Main Thread中執(zhí)行,不是在NoLooperThread中執(zhí)行
- //注意Runnable是一個(gè)接口,它里面的run函數(shù)被執(zhí)行時(shí)不會(huì)再新建一個(gè)線程
- //您可以在run上加斷點(diǎn)然后在eclipse調(diào)試中看它在哪個(gè)線程中執(zhí)行
- mNoLooperThreadHandler.post(new Runnable(){
- @Override
- public void run() {
- tv.setText("update UI through handler post runnalbe mechanism!");
- noLooerThread.stop();
- }
- });
- }
- }
- }
- //OwnLooperThread has his own message queue by execute Looper.prepare();
- class OwnLooperThread extends Thread{
- private EventHandler mOwnLooperThreadHandler;
- public void run() {
- Looper.prepare();
- Looper myLooper, mainLooper;
- myLooper = Looper.myLooper();
- mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper(); //這是一個(gè)static函數(shù)
- String obj;
- if(myLooper == null){
- mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);
- obj = "OwnLooperThread has no looper and handleMessage function executed in main thread!";
- }
- else {
- mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);
- obj = "This is from OwnLooperThread self and handleMessage function executed in NoLooperThread!";
- }
- mOwnLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages(0);
- //給自己發(fā)送消息
- Message m = mOwnLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage(3, 1, 1, obj);
- mOwnLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);
- Looper.loop();
- }
- }
- //ReceiveMessageThread has his own message queue by execute Looper.prepare();
- class ReceiveMessageThread extends Thread{
- public void run() {
- Looper.prepare();
- mOtherThreadHandler = new Handler(){
- public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
- Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);
- }
- };
- Looper.loop();
- }
- }
- }
使用Looper.myLooper靜態(tài)方法可以取得當(dāng)前線程的Looper對(duì)象。
使用mHandler = new EevntHandler(Looper.myLooper()); 可建立用來(lái)處理當(dāng)前線程的Handler對(duì)象;其中,EevntHandler是Handler的子類(lèi)。
使用mHandler = new EevntHandler(Looper.getMainLooper()); 可建立用來(lái)處理main線程的Handler對(duì)象;其中,EevntHandler是Handler的子類(lèi)。
1.5.1.
主線程給自己發(fā)送消息示例
主線程發(fā)送消息 :
在 onClick 的case 101中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)繼承自Handler的EventHandler對(duì)象,然后獲取一個(gè)消息,然后通過(guò)EventHandler對(duì)象調(diào)用 sendMessage把消息發(fā)送到主線程的MessageQueue中。主線程由系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)建,系統(tǒng)會(huì)給它建立一個(gè)Looper對(duì)象和 MessageQueue,所以可以接收消息。這里只要根據(jù)主線程的Looper對(duì)象初始化EventHandler對(duì)象,就可以通過(guò) EventHandler對(duì)象發(fā)送消息到主線程的消息隊(duì)列中。
主線程處理消息:
這里是通過(guò)EventHandler的handleMessage函數(shù)處理的,其中收到的Message對(duì)象中what值為一的消息就是發(fā)送給它的,然后把消息里面附帶的字符串在TextView上顯示出來(lái)。
1.5.2.
其他線程給主線程發(fā)送消息示例
其他線程發(fā)送消息(這里是說(shuō)不使用Runnable作為callback的消息):
首先 postRunnable設(shè)為false,表示不通過(guò)Runnable方式進(jìn)行消息相關(guān)的操作。然后啟動(dòng)線程noLooerThread, 然后以主線程的Looper對(duì)象為參數(shù)建立EventHandler的對(duì)象mNoLooperThreadHandler,然后獲取一個(gè)Message并 把一個(gè)字符串賦值給它的一個(gè)成員obj,然后通過(guò)mNoLooperThreadHandler把消息發(fā)送到主線程的MessageQueue中。
主線程處理消息:
這里是通過(guò)EventHandler的handleMessage函數(shù)處理的,其中收到的Message對(duì)象中what值為二的消息就是上面發(fā)送給它的,然后把消息里面附帶的字符串在TextView上顯示出來(lái)。
1.5.3.
其他線程給自己發(fā)送消息示例
其他線程發(fā)送消息:
其他非主線程建立后 沒(méi)有自己的Looper對(duì)象,所以也沒(méi)有MessageQueue,需要給非主線程發(fā)送消息時(shí)需要建立MessageQueue以便接收消息。下面說(shuō)明如 何給自己建立MessageQueue和Looper對(duì)象。從OwnLooperThread的run函數(shù)中可以看見(jiàn)有一個(gè) Looper.prepare()調(diào)用,這個(gè)就是用來(lái)建立非主線程的MessageQueue和Looper對(duì)象的。
所以這里的發(fā)送消息 過(guò)程是建立線程mOwnLooperThread,然后線程建立自己的Looper和MessageQueue對(duì)象,然后根據(jù)上面建立的Looper對(duì)象 建立對(duì)應(yīng)的EventHandler對(duì)象mOwnLooperThreadHandler,然后由mOwnLooperThreadHandler建立消 息并且發(fā)送到自己的MessageQueue里面。
其他線程處理接收的消息:
線程要接收消息需要 在run函數(shù)中調(diào)用Looper.loop(),然后loop函數(shù)會(huì)從MessageQueue中取出消息交給對(duì)應(yīng)的Handler對(duì)象 mOwnLooperThreadHandler處理,在mOwnLooperThreadHandler的handleMessage函數(shù)中會(huì)把 Message對(duì)象中what值為三的消息(上面發(fā)送的消息)在Log中打印出來(lái),可以通過(guò)Logcat工具查看log。
1.5.4.
其他線程以
Runnable
為消息參數(shù)給主線程發(fā)送消息示例
其他線程發(fā)送消息(這里是說(shuō)使用Runnable作為callback的消息):
首先 postRunnable設(shè)為true,表示通過(guò)Runnable方式進(jìn)行消息相關(guān)的操作。然后啟動(dòng)線程noLooerThread, 然后以主線程的Looper對(duì)象為參數(shù)建立EventHandler的對(duì)象mNoLooperThreadHandler,然后獲取一個(gè)Message并 把一個(gè)字符串賦值給它的一個(gè)成員obj,然后通過(guò)mNoLooperThreadHandler把消息發(fā)送到主線程的MessageQueue中。
主線程處理消息:
主線程收到上面發(fā)送的Message后直接運(yùn)行上面Runnable對(duì)象中的run函數(shù)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的操作。run函數(shù)通過(guò)Log打印一個(gè)字符串,可以通過(guò)Logcat工具查看log。
1.5.5.
主線程給其他線程發(fā)送消息示例
主線程發(fā)送消息 :
這 里首先要求線程receiveMessageThread運(yùn)行(在onCreate函數(shù)中完成),并且準(zhǔn)備好自己的Looper和 MessageQueue(這個(gè)通過(guò)ReceiveMessageThread中的run函數(shù)中的Looper.prepare()調(diào)用完成),然后根據(jù) 建立的Looper對(duì)象初始化Handler對(duì)象mOtherThreadHandler。然后在onClick的case 105中由mOtherThreadHandler建立一個(gè)消息(消息中有一個(gè)字符串對(duì)象)并且發(fā)送到線程receiveMessageThread中的 MessageQueue中。
其他線程處理接收的消息:
線程要接收消息需要在run函數(shù)中調(diào)用Looper.loop(),然后loop函數(shù)會(huì)從MessageQueue中取出消息交給對(duì)應(yīng)的Handler對(duì)象 mOtherThreadHandler 處理,在 mOtherThreadHandler 的handleMessage函數(shù)中會(huì)把Message對(duì)象中的字符串對(duì)象在Log中打印出來(lái),可以通過(guò)Logcat工具查看log。
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