iReport+jasperReport之JDBC數(shù)據(jù)源

iReport畫(huà)出來(lái)的報(bào)表可以滿足我們大部分的需要，所以采用iReport 編輯jrxml文件是我們的首選啦！當(dāng)然掌握jrxml文件的結(jié)構(gòu)也是必須的。
????????采用JDBC數(shù)據(jù)源必須有數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持啊！我們新建一個(gè)test表，其中有pid、name、sex、password、department、age字段，為了方便期間我們定義這些字段全部為String類(lèi)型。
????????在iReport中新建一報(bào)表，報(bào)表有title、pageHeader、columnHeader、detail、columnFooter、pageFooter、lastPageFooter、summary等部分，被成為Report section

title：顧名思義是指報(bào)表的標(biāo)題哦，它會(huì)顯示在報(bào)表的最上面，如果有多頁(yè)只會(huì)出現(xiàn)在第一頁(yè)的最上面。pageHeader：每頁(yè)的標(biāo)題，如果有多頁(yè)每頁(yè)的開(kāi)始都會(huì)顯示此部分內(nèi)容。
columnHeader：顯示報(bào)表的列頭不經(jīng)常使用。
detail：這個(gè)就不用說(shuō)了吧！
有header就會(huì)出現(xiàn)footer啦！lastPageFooter只會(huì)出現(xiàn)在最后一頁(yè)。summay會(huì)出現(xiàn)在每一頁(yè)數(shù)據(jù)上，主要是為了展示一些統(tǒng)計(jì)信息，比如當(dāng)前的時(shí)間，頁(yè)數(shù)信息啦！

新建一parameter

此參數(shù)可作為報(bào)表的標(biāo)題使用，我們?cè)诔绦蛑袆?dòng)態(tài)的傳遞給報(bào)表。
????document structure－－－》parameter里找到reportTitle參數(shù)拖至title區(qū)域，右擊編輯reportTitle域的屬性，在font選項(xiàng)里找到Markup設(shè)置為HTML，TextField選項(xiàng)里設(shè)置Text Field Expreesion為

" < font? color ='blue'? size ='5'>"+$P{reportTitle}+"</font>"

下來(lái)就是設(shè)置報(bào)表的Field字段了，不需要我們一個(gè)個(gè)的新建那些字段啦！
選擇Data--->Report Query在Report Query選項(xiàng)里選擇Query Language為SQL，寫(xiě)入SqL語(yǔ)句

select ? * ? from ?test? order ? by ?pid? DESC

這時(shí)所有的field會(huì)出現(xiàn)在下面(SQL是正確的)
關(guān)閉對(duì)話框在document structure－－－》field中就會(huì)出現(xiàn)我們需要的field，之后拖到相應(yīng)的位置，關(guān)于怎么美化報(bào)表這個(gè)本人也不是很懂哦！
如果需要顯示一下當(dāng)前的頁(yè)數(shù)信息也可以自己托動(dòng)Variables里的PAGE_NUMBER完成頁(yè)數(shù)的顯示。完整的jrxml文件如下：

<? xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?? ?>
<!-- ?Created?with?iReport?-?A?designer?for?JasperReports? -->
<! DOCTYPE?jasperReport?PUBLIC?"http://JasperReports//DTD?Report?Design//EN"?"http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd" >
< jasperReport
????????? name ="Person"
?????????columnCount ="1"
?????????printOrder ="Vertical"
?????????orientation ="Portrait"
?????????pageWidth ="595"
?????????pageHeight ="842"
?????????columnWidth ="535"
?????????columnSpacing ="0"
?????????leftMargin ="30"
?????????rightMargin ="30"
?????????topMargin ="20"
?????????bottomMargin ="20"
?????????whenNoDataType ="NoPages"
?????????isTitleNewPage ="false"
?????????isSummaryNewPage ="false" >
???? < property? name ="ireport.scriptlethandling" ?value ="0" ? />
???? < property? name ="ireport.encoding" ?value ="UTF-8" ? />
???? < import? value ="java.util.*" ? />
???? < import? value ="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.*" ? />
???? < import? value ="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.*" ? />

???? < parameter? name ="reportTitle" ?isForPrompting ="true" ?class ="java.lang.String" />
???? < queryString > <![CDATA[ select?*?from?test?order?by?pid?DESC ]]> </ queryString >

???? < field? name ="pid" ?class ="java.lang.String" />
???? < field? name ="name" ?class ="java.lang.String" />
???? < field? name ="sex" ?class ="java.lang.String" />
???? < field? name ="password" ?class ="java.lang.String" />
???? < field? name ="department" ?class ="java.lang.String" />
???? < field? name ="age" ?class ="java.lang.String" />

???????? < background >
???????????? < band? height ="6" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ background >
???????? < title >
???????????? < band? height ="29" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="138"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="258"
????????????????????????height ="29"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? textAlignment ="Center" ?verticalAlignment ="Middle" ?markup ="html" >
???????????????????????? < font? pdfFontName ="Helvetica-Bold" ?isBold ="true" />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ "<font?color='blue'?size='5'>"+$P{reportTitle}+"</font>" ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ title >
???????? < pageHeader >
???????????? < band? height ="0" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ pageHeader >
???????? < columnHeader >
???????????? < band? height ="0" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ columnHeader >
???????? < detail >
???????????? < band? height ="22" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="0"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="100"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? verticalAlignment ="Top" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{pid} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="100"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="93"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? verticalAlignment ="Top" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{name} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="193"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="58"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? verticalAlignment ="Top" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{sex} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="251"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="100"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? verticalAlignment ="Top" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{password} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="351"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="100"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? verticalAlignment ="Top" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{department} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?pattern ="" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="451"
????????????????????????y ="0"
????????????????????????width ="84"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? verticalAlignment ="Top" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.String" > <![CDATA[ $F{age} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < line? direction ="TopDown" >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="0"
????????????????????????y ="17"
????????????????????????width ="535"
????????????????????????height ="1"
????????????????????????key ="line-1" />
???????????????????? < graphicElement? stretchType ="NoStretch" />
???????????????? </ line >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ detail >
???????? < columnFooter >
???????????? < band? height ="0" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ columnFooter >
???????? < pageFooter >
???????????? < band? height ="24" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????????? < textField? isStretchWithOverflow ="false" ?isBlankWhenNull ="false" ?evaluationTime ="Now" ?hyperlinkType ="None" ??hyperlinkTarget ="Self" ? >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="387"
????????????????????????y ="5"
????????????????????????width ="22"
????????????????????????height ="18"
????????????????????????key ="textField" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? textAlignment ="Center" ?verticalAlignment ="Middle" >
???????????????????????? < font />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < textFieldExpression??? class ="java.lang.Integer" > <![CDATA[ $V{PAGE_NUMBER} ]]> </ textFieldExpression >
???????????????? </ textField >
???????????????? < staticText >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="373"
????????????????????????y ="5"
????????????????????????width ="14"
????????????????????????height ="17"
????????????????????????key ="staticText-2" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? textAlignment ="Center" ?verticalAlignment ="Middle" >
???????????????????????? < font? pdfFontName ="Helvetica-Bold" ?size ="12" ?isBold ="true" />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < text > <![CDATA[ 第 ]]> </ text >
???????????????? </ staticText >
???????????????? < staticText >
???????????????????? < reportElement
???????????????????????? x ="409"
????????????????????????y ="5"
????????????????????????width ="14"
????????????????????????height ="17"
????????????????????????key ="staticText-3" />
???????????????????? < box ></ box >
???????????????????? < textElement? textAlignment ="Center" ?verticalAlignment ="Middle" >
???????????????????????? < font? pdfFontName ="Helvetica-Bold" ?size ="12" ?isBold ="true" />
???????????????????? </ textElement >
???????????????? < text > <![CDATA[ 頁(yè) ]]> </ text >
???????????????? </ staticText >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ pageFooter >
???????? < summary >
???????????? < band? height ="0" ??isSplitAllowed ="true" ? >
???????????? </ band >
???????? </ summary >
</ jasperReport >

????我們可以直接使用ireport查看預(yù)覽效果，但是大部分我們是在應(yīng)用程序中使用的哦！我們看看我們?cè)趺醋屵@個(gè)jrxml模板文件工作呢，???

File?file? = ? new ?File( " Person.jrxml " );
????????????InputStream?in? = ? new ?FileInputStream(file);? // ?編譯報(bào)表?jasperReport?=
????????????jasperReport? = ?JasperCompileManager.compileReport(in);

編譯文件是很耗時(shí)的工作，通常這個(gè)由iReport去做我們使用jasper文件即可，

jasperReport? = ?(JasperReport)?JRLoader
????????????????????.loadObject( " D:\\workspace\\Person.jasper " );

產(chǎn)生了JasperReport對(duì)象下來(lái)就是要填充數(shù)據(jù)了，采用JDBC方式我們需要一個(gè)打開(kāi)的connection(數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接)，
還有報(bào)表需要的parameter：

public ?HashMap?getMap()? {

????????HashMap?map? = ? new ?HashMap();
????????map.put( " reportTitle " ,? " laoshulin " );
???????? return ?map;
????}

?

jasperPrint? = ?JasperFillManager
????????????????????.fillReport(jasperReport,?getMap,?getConn());

針對(duì)jasperPrint對(duì)象JasperReport有很多的API可以提供各種方式的預(yù)覽或是生成文件
我只說(shuō)說(shuō)JasperViewer吧！其它的看看api或是google一下就知道了

JasperViewer?jasperViewer? = ? new ?JasperViewer(jasperPrint);

JasperViewer 繼承自JFrame類(lèi)，

jasperViewer.setVisible( true );

這樣就可以預(yù)覽報(bào)表了，
JRViewer這個(gè)類(lèi)繼承Jpanel，我們可以在web中使用它，后面介紹客戶端打印時(shí)再詳細(xì)介紹。

????JDBC數(shù)據(jù)源很簡(jiǎn)單主要是SQL的功底，但是它是最基礎(chǔ)的，網(wǎng)上一大堆這方面的介紹哦，可以參考別人的多看看哦，我寫(xiě)的這些都有點(diǎn)語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次了，主要是我自己不怎么寫(xiě)東西，多以代碼的形式留給自己了，現(xiàn)在寫(xiě)出來(lái)和大家交流，當(dāng)時(shí)做這個(gè)的時(shí)候找了好多的文章沒(méi)有一篇寫(xiě)的深刻的，大多都是copy的。

?

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperReport;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRMapCollectionDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer;
/**
?*
?* <p>C/S架構(gòu) JasperReport 的簡(jiǎn)單使用<p>
?*
?* 創(chuàng)建日期 2013-4-22<br>
?* @author? longgangbai<br>
?* @version $Revision$ 2013-4-22
?* @since?? 3.0.0
?*/
public class Main {
??? public static JRDataSource createReportDataSource() {
??????? JRDataSource dataSource;
??????? Collection<Map<String, ?>> reportRows = initializeMapArray();
??????? dataSource = new JRMapCollectionDataSource(reportRows);
??????? return dataSource;
??? }
??? public static Collection<Map<String,?>> initializeMapArray() {
??????? Collection<Map<String, ?>> reportRows = new ArrayList<Map<String,?>>();
??????? HashMap<String, String> row1Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
??????? HashMap<String, String> row2Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
??????? HashMap<String, String> row3Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
??????? HashMap<String, String> row4Map = new HashMap<String, String>();
??????? row1Map.put("tail_num", "N263Y");
??????? row1Map.put("aircraft_serial", "Chinese,我是中國(guó)人");
??????? row1Map.put("aircraft_model", "39 ROSCOE TRNR RACER");
??????? row1Map.put("engine_model", "R1830 SERIES");
??????? row2Map.put("tail_num", "N4087X");
??????? row2Map.put("aircraft_serial", "BA100-163");
??????? row2Map.put("aircraft_model", "BRADLEY AEROBAT");
??????? row2Map.put("engine_model", "R2800 SERIES");
??????? row3Map.put("tail_num", "N43JE");
??????? row3Map.put("aircraft_serial", "HAYABUSA 1");
??????? row3Map.put("aircraft_model", "NAKAJIMA KI-43 IIIA");
??????? row3Map.put("engine_model", "R1830 SERIES");
??????? row4Map.put("tail_num", "N912S");
??????? row4Map.put("aircraft_serial", "9973CC");
??????? row4Map.put("aircraft_model", "PA18-150");
??????? row4Map.put("engine_model", "R-1820 SER");
??????? reportRows.add(row1Map);
??????? reportRows.add(row2Map);
??????? reportRows.add(row3Map);
??????? reportRows.add( row4Map);
??????? return reportRows;
??? }
????? public static void main(String[] args) throws JRException {
????????? InputStream? inputStream=Main.class.getResourceAsStream("/resources/data/AircraftReport.jrxml");
????????? System.out.println(inputStream);
????????? JRDataSource? jrdatasource =createReportDataSource();
????????? //填充報(bào)表數(shù)據(jù)生成JasperPrint對(duì)象
????????? JasperReport jrt = JasperCompileManager.compileReport(inputStream);//編譯報(bào)表格式
????????? //填充報(bào)表數(shù)據(jù)生成JasperPrint對(duì)象
????????? JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jrt, new HashMap<String, Object>(), jrdatasource);
????????? JasperViewer.viewReport(jasperPrint,false);
????????? JasperViewer view = new JasperViewer(jasperPrint, false);
????????? view.pack();
????????? view.setVisible(true);
??? }
}