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Spring事務配置的五種方式

系統 1813 0

段時間對Spring事務配置做了比較深入的研究，在此之間對Spring事務配置雖說也配置過，但是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。通過這次的學習發覺Spring事務配置只要把思路理清，還是比較好掌握的。

總結如下：

Spring配置文件中關于Spring事務配置總是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，無論哪種配置方式，一般變化的只是代理機制這部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化，比如使用Hibernate進行數據訪問時，DataSource實際為SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現為 HibernateTransactionManager。

具體如下圖：

Spring事務配置的五種方式


根據代理機制的不同，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一種方式：每個Bean都有一個代理

  1. <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
  2. < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  3. xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  5. xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  6. xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd " >
  11. < bean id = "sessionFactory"
  12. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
  13. < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  14. < property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
  15. </ bean >
  16. <!--定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務）-->
  17. < bean id = "transactionManager"
  18. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
  19. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  20. </ bean >
  21. <!--配置DAO-->
  22. < bean id = "userDaoTarget" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
  23. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  24. </ bean >
  25. < bean id = "userDao"
  26. class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >
  27. <!--配置事務管理器-->
  28. < property name = "transactionManager" ref = "transactionManager" />
  29. < property name = "target" ref = "userDaoTarget" />
  30. < property name = "proxyInterfaces" value = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
  31. <!--配置事務屬性-->
  32. < property name = "transactionAttributes" >
  33. < props >
  34. < prop key = "*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
  35. </ props >
  36. </ property >
  37. </ bean >
  38. </ beans >

第二種方式：所有Bean共享一個父類bean

  1. <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
  2. < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  3. xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  5. xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  6. xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd " >
  11. < bean id = "sessionFactory"
  12. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
  13. < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  14. < property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
  15. </ bean >
  16. <!--定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務）-->
  17. < bean id = "transactionManager"
  18. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
  19. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  20. </ bean >
  21. < bean id = "transactionBase"
  22. class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
  23. lazy-init = "true" abstract = "true" >
  24. <!--配置事務管理器-->
  25. < property name = "transactionManager" ref = "transactionManager" />
  26. <!--配置事務屬性-->
  27. < property name = "transactionAttributes" >
  28. < props >
  29. < prop key = "*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
  30. </ props >
  31. </ property >
  32. </ bean >
  33. <!--配置DAO-->
  34. < bean id = "userDaoTarget" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
  35. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  36. </ bean >
  37. < bean id = "userDao" parent = "transactionBase" >
  38. < property name = "target" ref = "userDaoTarget" />
  39. </ bean >
  40. </ beans >

第三種方式：使用攔截器

  1. <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
  2. < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  3. xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  5. xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  6. xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd " >
  11. < bean id = "sessionFactory"
  12. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
  13. < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  14. < property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
  15. </ bean >
  16. <!--定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務）-->
  17. < bean id = "transactionManager"
  18. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
  19. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  20. </ bean >
  22. < bean id = "transactionInterceptor"
  23. class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >
  24. < property name = "transactionManager" ref = "transactionManager" />
  25. <!--配置事務屬性-->
  26. < property name = "transactionAttributes" >
  27. < props >
  28. < prop key = "*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
  29. </ props >
  30. </ property >
  31. </ bean >
  32. < bean class = "org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >
  33. < property name = "beanNames" >
  34. < list >
  35. < value > *Dao </ value >
  36. </ list >
  37. </ property >
  38. < property name = "interceptorNames" >
  39. < list >
  40. < value > transactionInterceptor </ value >
  41. </ list >
  42. </ property >
  43. </ bean >
  44. <!--配置DAO-->
  45. < bean id = "userDao" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
  46. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  47. </ bean >
  48. </ beans >

第四種方式：使用tx標簽配置的攔截器

  1. <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
  2. < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  3. xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  5. xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  6. xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  7. xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
  12. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd " >
  13. ?
  14. < context:annotation-config />
  15. < context:component-scan base-package = "com.bluesky" />
  16. < bean id = "sessionFactory"
  17. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
  18. < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  19. < property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
  20. </ bean >
  21. <!--定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務）-->
  22. < bean id = "transactionManager"
  23. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
  24. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  25. </ bean >
  26. < tx:advice id = "txAdvice" transaction-manager = "transactionManager" >
  27. < tx:attributes >
  28. < tx:method name = "*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />
  29. </ tx:attributes >
  30. </ tx:advice >
  31. < aop:config >
  32. < aop:pointcut id = "interceptorPointCuts"
  33. expression = "execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
  34. < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice"
  35. pointcut-ref = "interceptorPointCuts" />
  36. </ aop:config >
  37. </ beans >

第五種方式：全注解

  1. <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
  2. < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  3. xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  5. xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  6. xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  7. xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
  12. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd " >
  13. ?
  14. < context:annotation-config />
  15. < context:component-scan base-package = "com.bluesky" />
  16. < tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager = "transactionManager" />
  17. < bean id = "sessionFactory"
  18. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
  19. < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  20. < property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
  21. </ bean >
  22. <!--定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務）-->
  23. < bean id = "transactionManager"
  24. class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
  25. < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
  26. </ bean >
  27. </ beans >

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

  1. packagecom.bluesky.spring.dao;
  2. importjava.util.List;
  3. importorg.hibernate.SessionFactory;
  4. importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  5. importorg.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
  6. importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  7. importcom.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
  8. @Transactional
  9. @Component("userDao")
  10. publicclassUserDaoImplextendsHibernateDaoSupportimplementsUserDao{
  11. publicList < User > listUsers(){
  12. returnthis.getSession().createQuery("fromUser").list();
  13. }
  14. }

?

Spring事務配置的五種方式


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